In vivo Anticancer Activity on Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) Cells and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Psidium guajava Bark Extracts

Md. Jakir Hossain1 , Shashwata Biswas2 , Mohammad Shahriar3 , Sohidul Islam 1 and Chowdhury Rafiqul Ahsan2*

Abstract

�This study was performed to evaluate the in vivo anticancer activity against ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells and in vitro antimicrobial activity of Psidium guajava bark extracts. By soxhlet apparatus, the P. guajava bark extracts were obtained using four solvents (n-hexane, petroleum benzene, chloroform, and methanol) according to their increasing solubility. In case of in vivo anticancer activity of the sample extracts, mice were seeded with approximately 1×105 ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. After seven days of consecutive treatment, the negative and positive control groups (n=8 each group) showed an average EAC cell count of 2.4×108 and 1.8×108 respectively, and the experimental groups showed the cell count of 2.2x 108, 2.1×108, 1.9×108, and 1.41×108 when mice received hhexane, petroleum benzene, chloroform, and methanol extract respectively. Experimental group that received methanol extract showed percent increase of life span (% ILS) of 33.3 when compared with the negative control. However, treatment in a cyclic manner of the mice showed % ILS of 52.15 for experimental group when compared negative control. In antimicrobial activity experiment, an intermediate zone of sensitivity of the crude methanol extract was found against Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, and Staphylococcus aureus when compared with amoxicillin. All these results indicated the anticancer activity and antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract of P. guajava barks on different experimental models. Key words: Psidium guajava, anticancer activity, antimicrobial activity.